The 1054 reference article from the English Wikipedia on 24-Jul-2004 (provided by Fixed Reference: snapshots of Wikipedia from wikipedia.org)

1054

Years: 1051 1052 1053 - 1054 - 1055 1056 1057

Decades: 1020s 1030s 1040s - 1050s - 1060s 1070s 1080s

Centuries: 10th century - 11th century - 12th century

Table of contents

1 Events 2 Births 3 Deaths 4 Heads of states

Events

• July 4 - A supernova is recorded by the Chinese and possibly Native Americans near the star ζ Tauri. For several months it remains bright enough to be seen during the day. Its remnants form the Crab Nebula.
• Pope Leo IX and Michael Cerularius, Patriarch of Constantinople, decree each other's excommunication, finalising the Great Schism between the Catholic and Orthodox Churches. To this day each claims to be the One Holy Catholic and Apostolic Church and each denies the other's right to that name.
• Malcolm Canmore begins his campaign for the throne of Scotland. July 27 Macbeth's troops defeated in Dunsinane Hill but he himself escapes

Births

Deaths

• April 19 - Pope Leo IX

Heads of states

• Holy See - Leo IX pope (1049-1054)

This is the "1054" reference article from the English Wikipedia. All text is available under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License. See also our Disclaimer.