1965

Years: 1962 1963 1964 - 1965 - 1966 1967 1968
Decades: 1930s 1940s 1950s - 1960s - 1970s 1980s 1990s
Centuries: 19th century - 20th century - 21st century 1965 in art 1965 in aviation 1965 in film 1965 in literature 1965 in music 1965 in radio 1965 in science 1965 in sports 1965 in television

Table of contents

1 Events

1.1 January-February
1.2 March
1.3 April-June
1.4 July-August
1.5 September-October
1.6 November
1.7 December
1.8 unknown dates

2 Year in topic
3 Births

3.9 January-March
3.10 April-July
3.11 August-December

4 Deaths

4.12 January-February
4.13 March-December

5 Nobel Prizes
6 Books

Events

January-February

January 4 - United States President Lyndon Johnson proclaims his "Great Society" during his State of the Union address.
January 26 - Hindi becomes the official language of India.
February 9 - Vietnam War: The first United States combat troops are sent to South Vietnam
February 15 - A new red and white maple leaf design is adopted as the flag of Canada replacing the old Red Ensign standard.
February 18 - The Gambia becomes independent from the United Kingdom
February 20 - Ranger 8 crashes into the Moon after a successful mission of photographing possible landing sites for the Apollo program astronauts.
February 21 - Malcolm X is assassinated at his mosque in New York City by Black Muslims.

March

March 7 - Bloody Sunday in Selma, Alabama
March 8 - Vietnam War: 3,500 United States Marines arrive in South Vietnam becoming the first American combat troops in Vietnam.
March 18 - cosmonaut Aleksei Leonov becomes the first person to walk in space from spacecraft Voskhod 2
March 21 - Ranger program: NASA launches Ranger 9 which is the last in a series of unmanned lunar space probes.
March 23 - NASA launches Gemini 3 which is the United States' first two-person space flight took (crew: Gus Grissom and John Young).
March 25 - Civil rights activists led by Martin Luther King, Jr begin march from Selma to the capitol in Montgomery.

April-June

April 11 - The Palm Sunday Tornado Outbreak: Fifty-one tornadoes hit in six Midwestern states killing 256.
April 24 - Fighting breaks out in the Dominican Republic as officers loyal to deposed President Juan Bosch lead a mutiny against the right wing junta running the country. US troops are later sent by President Lyndon B. Johnson for the stated purpose of protecting US citizens and preventing an alleged Communist takeover of the country.
April 28 - Vietnam War: Australian Prime Minister Robert Menzies announces that the country will substantially increase its number of troops in South Vietnam, supposedly at the request of the Saigon government, although it is later revealed that Menzies had asked the leadership in Saigon to send the request at the behest of the Americans.
June 2 - Vietnam War: The first contingent of Australian combat troops arrives in South Vietnam.
June 10 - Vietnam War: Battle of Dong Xoai begins - About 1,500 Vietcong mount a mortar attack on Dong Xoai and then overrun its military headquarters and adjoining militia compound.
June 22 - Treaty on Basic Relations between Japan and the Republic of Korea.

July-August

July 14 - Mariner 4 flyby of Mars.
July 24 - Vietnam War: Four F-4C Phantoms escorting a bombing raid at Kang Chi are the targets of antiaircraft missiles in the first such attack against American planes in the war. One is shot down and the other three sustain damage.
July 28 - Vietnam War: US President Lyndon B. Johnson announces his order to increase the number of United States troops in South Vietnam from 75,000 to 125,000.
July 29 - Vietnam War: The first 4,000 101st Airborne Division paratroopers arrive in Vietnam, landing at Cam Ranh Bay.
July 30 - War on Poverty: US President Lyndon B. Johnson signs the Social Security Act of 1965 into law, establishing Medicare and Medicaid.
August 6 - US President Lyndon B. Johnson signs the Voting Rights Act of 1965 into United States law.
August 9 - Singapore proclaims its independence from the Malaysian Federation.
August 11 - Watts Riots begin in Los Angeles, California
August 18 - Vietnam War: Operation Starlite begins as 5,500 United States Marines destroy a Viet Cong stronghold on the Van Tuong peninsula in Quang Ngai Province, in the first major American ground battle of the war. The Marines were tipped-off by a Viet Cong deserter who said that there was an attack planned against the US base at Chu Lai.

September-October

September 6 - War of 1965: India attacks Pakistan and announces that its forces will capture Lahore (city of Pakistan) in an hour.
September 7 - Vietnam War: In a follow-up to August's Operation Starlight, United States Marines and South Vietnamese forces initiate Operation Pirahna on the Batangan Peninsula, 23 miles south of the Chu Lai Marine base.
September 14 - Opening of fourth and final period of Second Vatican Council
September 20 - End of term for Tuanku Syed Putra ibni Almarhum Syed Hassan Jamalullail as the 3rd Yang di-Pertuan Agong of Malaysia.
September 21 - Ismail Nasiruddin Shah ibni Almarhum Sultan Zainal Abidin III, Sultan of Terengganu becomes the 4th Yang di-Pertuan Agong of Malaysia.
October 15 - Vietnam War: The anti-war student-run National Coordinating Committee to End the War in Vietnam stages the first public burning of a draft card in the United States.
October 28 - In St. Louis, Missouri, the 630-foot-tall parabolic steel Gateway Arch is completed.
October 30 - Vietnam War: Just miles from Da Nang, United States Marines repel an intense attack by wave after wave of Viet Cong forces, killing 56 guerrillas. Among the dead, a sketch of Marine positions was found on the body of a 13-year-old Vietnamese boy who sold drinks to the Marines the day before.

November

November 6 - Freedom Flights begin: Cuba and the United States formally agree to start an airlift for Cubans who want to go to the United States (by 1971 250,000 Cubans take advantage of this program).
November 8 - The British Indian Ocean Territory is created, consisting of Chagos Archipelago, Aldabra, Farquhar and Des Roches islands (on June 23, 1976 Aldabra, Farquhar and Des Roches were returned to Seychelles).
November 9 - Northeast Blackout of 1965: Several U.S. states and parts of Canada are hit by a series of blackouts lasting up to 13 1/2 hours.
November 9 - Vietnam War: In New York City, 22-year old Catholic Worker member Roger Allen LaPorte sets himself on fire in front of the United Nations building in protest of the war in Vietnam (this was the second such incident in a week; on November 2 32-year-old Quaker member Norman Morrison did the same thing in front of The Pentagon).
November 11 - Rhodesia (now called Zimbabwe) was declared independent by the white minority regime of Ian Smith.
November 14 - Vietnam War: Battle of the Ia Drang begins - In the Ia Drang Valley of the Central Highlands in Vietnam, the first major engagement of the war between regular American and North Vietnamese forces begins.
November 16 - Venera program: The Soviet Union launches the Venera 3 space probe from Baikonur, Kazakhstan toward Venus (on March 1, 1966 it became the first spacecraft to reach the surface of another planet).
November 26 - At the Hammaguira launch facility in the Sahara Desert, France launches a Diamant-A rocket with its first satellite, Asterix-1 on board, becoming the third country to enter space.
November 27 - Vietnam War: The Pentagon tells US President Lyndon B. Johnson that if planned major sweep operations needed to neutralize Viet Cong forces during the next year were to succeed, the number of American troops in Vietnam has to be increased from 120,000 to 400,000.
November 28 - Vietnam War: In response to US President Lyndon B. Johnson's call for "more flags" in Vietnam, Philippines President Elect Ferdinand Marcos announces he will send troops to help fight in South Vietnam.

December

December 1 - The Border Security Force is established in India as a special force to guard the borders.
December 8 - Closing of Second Vatican Council
December 30 - Ferdinand Marcos becomes President of the Philippines

unknown dates

The Council for National Academic Awards is established in the UK
TAT-4 cable goes into operation.
Mont Blanc tunnel between France and Italy completed.
Medicaid is founded in the United States

Year in topic

1965 in film
- The Sound of Music
- Doctor Zhivago
- The Greatest Story Ever Told starring Max vonSydow, Charlton Heston, Martin Landau, John Wayne, Angela Lansbury, Roddy McDowall, Shelley Winters, Pat Boone and others
- Help, starring The Beatles
1965 in literature
1965 in music
- February 11 - Beatle Ringo Starr marries Maureen Cox.
- August - Paul Simon releases UK-only LP The Paul Simon Song Book.
- 1965 is the title of an Afghan Whigs album released in 1998.
1965 in sports
1965 in television
- March 24 - Live TV pictures from U.S. unmanned moon probe "Ranger 9" transmitted prior to impact.
- Sony introduces the Betamax, a home video tape recorder
- Nearly all of NBC's programs are now broadcast in color.

Births

Deaths

January-February

January 4 - T. S. Eliot, American/British poet
January 12 - Lorraine Hansberry, writer
January 14 - Jeanette MacDonald, actress, singer
January 20 - Alan Freed, disk jockey
January 24 - Winston Churchill, British politician
January 28 - Maxime Weygand, soldier
February 13 - Gloria Morgan-Vanderbilt, socialite
February 15 - Nat King Cole, singer, musician
February 21 - Malcolm X, Black Muslim Movement activist
February 22 - Felix Frankfurter, justice of the Supreme Court of the United States
February 23 - Stan Laurel, British actor
February 26 - George Adamski, UFO traveler

March-December

March 3 - King Farouk of Egypt, former monarch
March 6 - Margaret Dumont, actress
March 13 - Corrado Gini, statistician
March 13 - Fan S. Noli, Albanian bishop, poet and political figure (b. 1882)
March 17 - Amos Alonzo Stagg, baseball, basketball and American football coach and player
March 18 - King Farouk I of Egypt
March 28 - Her Royal Highness Princess Mary, The Princess Royal and Countess of Harewood
May 25 - Sonny Boy Williamson
June 28 - Red Nichols, jazz musician (b. 1905)
July 1 - Wally Hammond, cricketer
July 7 - Moshe Sharett, second Prime Minister of Israel
August 27 - Le Corbusier, Swiss architect
August 28 - Giulio Racah, Israeli physicist (b. 1909)
September 15 - Steve Brown, jazz musician (b. 1890)
November 6 - Clarence Williams, jazz musician (b. 1893)

Nobel Prizes

Books

On Escalation by Herman Kahn coins the term escalation, a word closely associated with the Cold War.