The Aleatory reference article from the English Wikipedia on 24-Jul-2004
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Aleatory

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Aleatory (or aleatoric) means "pertaining to luck". Aleatoric art is that which exploits the principle of randomness. One of the most ambitious aleatory projects in poetry is Raymond Queneau's Cent Mille Milliards de Poèmes (Hundred Thousand Billion Poems). A common form of aleatoric art is aleatoric music.

John Cage was a very important name in aleatoric music. In 4′ 33″, he sits at the piano for 4 minutes and 33 seconds and the reactions of the audience (whispering, coughs, laughs ...) form the music. His works for prepared piano are also based on coincidence, because he puts all sorts of material between the snares of the piano.