The Arne Beurling reference article from the English Wikipedia on 24-Jul-2004
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Arne Beurling

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Arne Carl-August Beurling (February 3, 1905 - November 20, 1986) was a mathematician and professor of mathematics at Uppsala University and later at Institute for Advanced Study at Princeton, USA.

Arne Beurling worked extensively in harmonic analysis, complex analysis and potential theory.

In 1940 he single-handedly decyphered and reverse-engineereded an early version of the Geheimfernschreiber (one of the "Fish cyphers") used by Nazi Germany, and created a decyphering device that enabled Sweden to decypher German teleprinter traffic passing through Sweden from Norway on a cable. In this way, Swedish authorities knew about Operation Barbarossa before it occurred.

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