Bikini
This article is about the swimsuit. For the site of nuclear weapon tests in the Marshall Islands in 1946, see Bikini Atoll.
A woman wearing a bikini while dipping in a pool
A bikini is a type of women's bathing suit, characterized by two separate parts -- one covering the breasts, the other the groin and buttocks, leaving an uncovered area between them.
Two-piece garments worn by women for athletic purposes have been observed on Greek urns and paintings, dated as early as 1400 BC.
The modern bikini was invented by engineer Louis Reard in Paris in 1946 (introduced on July 5), and named after Bikini Atoll the site of nuclear weapon tests in the Marshall Islands, on the reasoning that the burst of excitement it would cause would be like the atomic bomb.
Reard's suit was a refinement of the work of Jacques Heim who, two months earlier, had introduced the "Atome" (named for its size) and advertised it as the world's "smallest bathing suit." Reard split the "atome" even smaller, but could not find a model who would dare to wear his design. He ended up hiring Micheline Bernardini, an nude dancer from the Casino de Paris, as his model.
Micheline Bernardini wearing the first Bikini
It took fifteen years for the bikini to be accepted in the United States. In 1951 bikinis were banned from the Miss World Contest. In 1957, however, Brigitte Bardot's bikini in And God Created Woman created a market for the swimwear in the US, and in 1960, Brian Hyland's pop song "Itsy Bitsy Teenie Weenie Yellow Polka Dot Bikini" inspired a bikini-buying spree. Finally the bikini caught on, and by 1963, the movie "Beach Party," starring Annette Funicello and Frankie Avalon, led a wave of films that made the bikini a pop-culture symbol.
In recent years, the term monokini has come into use for topless bathing by women: where the bikini has two parts, the monokini is the lower part. Where monokinis are in use, the word "bikini" may jokingly refer to a two-piece outfit consisting of a monokini and a sun hat.
The tankini is a swimsuit combining a tank top and a bikini bottom.
The lower part of the bikini was further reduced in size in the 1980s to the Brazilian thong, where the back of the suit is so thin that it disappears into the buttocks.