The Calque reference article from the English Wikipedia on 24-Jul-2004 (provided by Fixed Reference: snapshots of Wikipedia from wikipedia.org)

Calque

In linguistics, a calque or loan translation consists of the borrowing of a phrase from one language into another, in the process of which individual words native to the borrowing language semantically match the individual words in the source language.

Thus:

• English Superman calques German Übermensch
• English Governor-General calques French gouverneur général
• English Commonwealth calques Latin res publica (which has also become Republic)
• English breakfast calques French déjeuner (which now means lunch).

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