Canadian federal election, 2004

- For a seat-by-seat results, see Results of the Canadian federal election, 2004.
- ''For a timeline of major events and campaign stops, see Timeline of the Canadian federal election, 2004
All three major national parties ran under different leaders than in the previous election, held in 2000. This election also marked the debut of the new Conservative Party of Canada and Progressive Canadian Party, and the return of the Christian Heritage Party of Canada and Libertarian Party of Canada.
At one point, most pundits had expected an election in the late spring, but the emergence of issues such as the inquiry into the sponsorship scandal likely delayed the call. Although the campaign was initially widely expected to be a relatively facile romp for Martin to a fourth consecutive Liberal majority government, many began instead to predict a far more closely-fought election. Polls started to indicate the possibility of only a minority government for the Liberals or even the Conservatives, fueling speculation of coalitions with the other parties. In the end, the Liberals fared better than the last-minute polls had led them to fear, but not well enough to govern alone.
The election took place on June 28, 2004. Polling times were arranged to allow results from most provinces to be announced more or less simultaneously, with the exception of Atlantic Canada, where results were known before the close of polling in other provinces.
155 seats must be held by a party in order for it to form a majority government. The Liberals came short of this number, winning 135. Until extremely close ridings were decided on the west coast, it appeared as though the Liberals' seat total, if combined with that of the left-wing New Democratic Party (NDP), would be sufficient to hold a majority in the House of Commons. In the end, the Conservatives won Vancouver Island North, West Vancouver-Sunshine Coast, and New Westminster-Coquitlam, after trailing in all three ridings, as sub-totals were announced through the evening. As a result, the combined seat count of the Liberals and the NDP was 154, while the other 154 seats belonged to the Conservatives, Bloquistes, and one independent Chuck Cadman (previously a Conservative). This could signal an evenly-split house; however, some indications suggested that, rather than forming an official coalition with the NDP, the Liberal party would attempt to lead with a minority government, obtaining majorities for their legislation on an ad hoc basis.
The Liberal Party was elected as a minority government. The strength of that government may yet be determined by automatic recounts in ridings which are very close.
Results
National
| Party | Party Leader | Seats | Popular Vote | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Before | After | % Change | # | %
| ||||
| Liberal Party of Canada | Paul Martin | 168 | 135 | align="right" | ||||
| 4,951,107 | 36.7
| |||||||
| Conservative Party of Canada | Stephen Harper | 72 | 99 | align="right" | 3,994,682 | 29.6
| ||
| Bloc Québécois | Gilles Duceppe | 33 | 54 | +63.6 | 1,672,874 | 12.4
| ||
| New Democratic Party | Jack Layton | 14 | 19 | +35.7 | 2,116,536 | 15.7
| ||
| Green Party of Canada | Jim Harris | 0 | 0 | 0 | 580,816 | 4.3
| ||
| Christian Heritage Party of Canada | Ron Gray | 0 | 0 | 40,283 | 0.3
| |||
| Marijuana Party of Canada | Marc-Boris St-Maurice | 0 | 0 | 0 | 33,590 | 0.3
| ||
| Progressive Canadian Party | Ernie Schreiber | 0 | 0 | 10,773 | 0.1
| |||
| Marxist-Leninist Party of Canada | Sandra L. Smith | 0 | 0 | 0 | 9,065 | 0.1
| ||
| Canadian Action Party | Connie Fogal | 0 | 0 | 0 | 8,930 | 0.1
| ||
| Communist Party of Canada | Miguel Figueroa | 0 | 0 | 0 | 4,568 | 0.0
| ||
| Libertarian Party of Canada | Jean-Serge Brisson | 0 | 0 | 1,964 | 0.0
| |||
| Independent | 10 | 0 | N/A | 47,596 | 0.4
| |||
| No Affiliation | 0 | 1 | N/A | 17,465 | 0.1
| |||
| Vacant | 4 | 0 | N/A | |||||
| Total | 301 | 308 | +2.3 | 13,489,559 | 100.0 | |||
| Sources: http://www.elections.ca -- http://www.parl.gc.ca/information/about/process/house/hfer/hfer.asp?Language=E History of the Federal Electoral Ridings since 1867] | ||||||||
| Other elections:
1997 2000 2004 Canadian federal elections -- Election results 2000- | ||||||||
n.a. = not applicable - party was not recognized in previous election
Showing change from the 2000 election. The votes and seats won by the Conservative Party are compared with the combined totals won by the Canadian Alliance and the Progressive Conservative Party in 2000.
The schematic map below shows the seat breakdown geographically. The top half shows provinces and territories; white boxes indicate urban areas, which are shown in the bottom half. Ontario's golden horseshoe is subdivided again by Toronto. The table below the map gives statistical data by province and territory.
Province by Province breakdown
Province and Territory tables
ALBERTA
Registered voters: 2,141,144
Votes cast: 1,270,815 59.4
------------------------------------------------------------
Party Votes % Change Seats
------------------------------------------------------------
Conservative Party 783,379 61.6 -10.7 26 +02
Liberal Party 279,219 22.0 +01.1 2
New Democratic Party 121,249 09.5 +04.1 -
Other 86,968 06.8 -
------------------------------------------------------------
Total 1,270,815 28 +02
------------------------------------------------------------
BRITISH COLUMBIA
Registered voters: 2,713,421
Votes cast: 1,724,618 63.6
------------------------------------------------------------
Party Votes % Change Seats
------------------------------------------------------------
Conservative Party 625,071 36.2 -20.5 22 -05
Liberal Party 492,865 28.6 +01.0 8 +03
New Democratic Party 457,815 26.6 +15.3 5 +03
Other 148,867 08.6 1 +01
------------------------------------------------------------
Total 1,724,618 36 +02
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MANITOBA
Registered voters: 836,599
Votes cast: 472,796 56.5
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Party Votes % Change Seats
------------------------------------------------------------
Conservative Party 185,022 39.1 -05.8 7 +02
Liberal Party 156,970 33.2 +00.7 3 -02
New Democratic Party 110,901 23.5 +02.7 4
Other 19,903 04.2 -
------------------------------------------------------------
Total 472,796 14
------------------------------------------------------------
NEW BRUNSWICK
Registered voters: 594,738
Votes cast: 369,407 62.1
------------------------------------------------------------
Party Votes % Change Seats
------------------------------------------------------------
Conservative Party 114,962 31.1 -15.1 2 -01
Liberal Party 164,903 44.6 +02.9 7 +01
New Democratic Party 75,951 20.6 +08.9 1
Other 13,591 03.7 -
------------------------------------------------------------
Total 369,407 10
------------------------------------------------------------
NEWFOUNDLAND AND LABRADOR
Registered voters: 403,568
Votes cast: 198,366 49.2
------------------------------------------------------------
Party Votes % Change Seats
------------------------------------------------------------
Conservative Party 64,120 32.3 -06.0 2
Liberal Party 95,178 48.0 +03.0 5
New Democratic Party 34,694 17.5 +04.5 -
Other 4,374 02.2 -
------------------------------------------------------------
Total 198,366 7
------------------------------------------------------------
NOVA SCOTIA
Registered voters: 702,399
Votes cast: 433,577 61.7
------------------------------------------------------------
Party Votes % Change Seats
------------------------------------------------------------
Conservative Party 121,398 28.0 -10.7 3 -01
Liberal Party 171,680 39.6 +03.1 6 +02
New Democratic Party 123,360 28.5 +04.6 2 -01
Other 17,139 03.9 -
------------------------------------------------------------
Total 433,577 11
------------------------------------------------------------
ONTARIO
Registered voters: 8,206,023
Votes cast: 5,060,308 61.7
------------------------------------------------------------
Party Votes % Change Seats
------------------------------------------------------------
Conservative Party 1,592,724 31.5 -06.5 24 +22
Liberal Party 2,260,172 44.7 -06.8 75 -25
New Democratic Party 915,310 18.1 +09.8 7 +06
Other 292,102 05.8 -
------------------------------------------------------------
Total 5,060,308 106 +03
------------------------------------------------------------
PRINCE EDWARD ISLAND
Registered voters: 108,169
Votes cast: 76,421 70.7
------------------------------------------------------------
Party Votes % Change Seats
------------------------------------------------------------
Conservative Party 23,478 30.7 -12.7 -
Liberal Party 40,103 52.5 +05.5 4
New Democratic Party 9,558 12.5 +03.5 -
Other 3,282 04.3 -
------------------------------------------------------------
Total 76,421 4
------------------------------------------------------------
QUEBEC
Registered voters: 5,803,390
Votes cast: 3,424,713 59.0
------------------------------------------------------------
Party Votes % Change Seats
------------------------------------------------------------
Conservative Party 300,499 08.8 -02.9 - -01
Liberal Party 1,159,879 33.9 -10.3 21 -15
New Democratic Party 158,838 04.6 +02.8 -
Quebec Bloc 1,672,184 48.8 +09.0 54 +16
Other 133,313 03.9 -
------------------------------------------------------------
Total 3,424,713 75
------------------------------------------------------------
SASKATCHEWAN
Registered voters: 721,357
Votes cast: 425,946 59.1
------------------------------------------------------------
Party Votes % Change Seats
------------------------------------------------------------
Conservative Party 178,180 41.8 -10.7 13 +03
Liberal Party 115,671 27.2 +06.5 1 -01
New Democratic Party 99,479 23.4 -02.8 - -02
Other 32,616 07.6 -
------------------------------------------------------------
Total 425,946 14
------------------------------------------------------------
TERRITORIES
NORTH-WEST TERRITORIES
Registered voters: 28,335
Votes cast: 13,471 47.5
------------------------------------------------------------
Party Votes % Change Seats
------------------------------------------------------------
Conservative Party 2,314 17.2 +07.2 -
Liberal Party 5,313 39.4 -06.2 1
New Democratic Party 5,261 39.1 +12.4 -
Other 583 04.3 -
------------------------------------------------------------
Total 13,471 1
------------------------------------------------------------
NUNAVUT
Registered voters: 16,872
Votes cast: 7,243 42.9
------------------------------------------------------------
Party Votes % Change Seats
------------------------------------------------------------
Conservative Party 1,049 14.5 +06.1 -
Liberal Party 3,705 51.2 -17.3 1
New Democratic Party 1,108 15.3 -03.3 -
Other 1,381 19.1 -
------------------------------------------------------------
Total 7,243 1
------------------------------------------------------------
YUKON TERRITORY
Registered voters: 19,655
Votes cast: 11,878 60.4
------------------------------------------------------------
Party Votes % Change Seats
------------------------------------------------------------
Conservative Party 2,486 20.9 -14.3 -
Liberal Party 5,449 45.9 +13.4 1
New Democratic Party 3,012 25.4 -06.5 -
Other 931 07.8 -
------------------------------------------------------------
Total 11,878 1
------------------------------------------------------------
Source: Adam Carr's Electoral ArchiveSchematic map

| Province | BC | AB | SK | MB | ON | QC | NB | NS | PE | NL | NU | NT | YK | Total
| |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Total seats | 36 | 28 | 14 | 14 | 106 | 75 | 10 | 11 | 4 | 7 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 308
| |
| Liberal Party | Seats: | 8 | 2 | 1 | 3 | 75 | 21 | 7 | 6 | 4 | 5 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 135 |
| Pop Vote (%): | 28.6 | 22.0 | 27.2 | 33.2 | 44.7 | 33.9 | 44.6 | 39.6 | 52.5 | 48.0 | 51.2 | 39.4 | 45.9 | 36.7
| |
| Conservative Party | Seats: | 22 | 26 | 13 | 7 | 24 | 2 | 3 | 2 | 99 | |||||
| Pop Vote (%): | 36.2 | 61.6 | 41.8 | 39.1 | 31.5 | 8.8 | 31.1 | 28.0 | 30.7 | 32.3 | 14.5 | 17.2 | 20.9 | 29.6
| |
| Bloc Québécois | Seats: | 54 | 54 | ||||||||||||
| Pop Vote (%): | 48.8 | 12.4
| |||||||||||||
| New Democratic Party | Seats: | 5 | 4 | 7 | 1 | 2 | 19 | ||||||||
| Pop Vote (%): | 26.6 | 9.5 | 23.4 | 23.5 | 18.1 | 4.6 | 20.6 | 28.5 | 12.5 | 17.5 | 15.3 | 39.1 | 25.4 | 15.7
| |
| Green Party | Seats: |   |   | ||||||||||||
| Pop Vote (%): | 6.4 | 6.2 | 2.7 | 2.7 | 4.5 | 3.2 | 3.4 | 3.3 | 4.2 | 1.6 | 2.9 | 4.3 | 4.5 | 4.3
| |
| Christian Heritage Party | Seats: | ||||||||||||||
| Pop Vote (%): | 0.3 | 0.2 | 0.3 | 0.9 | 0.5 | 0.0 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.9 | 0.3
| |||||
| Marijuana Party | Seats: | ||||||||||||||
| Pop Vote (%): | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.4 | 0.2 | 0.5 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 2.4 | 0.3
| ||||||
| Progressive Canadian Party | Seats: | ||||||||||||||
| Pop Vote (%): | 0.0 | 0.2 | 0.3 | 0.1
| |||||||||||
| Marxist-Leninist Party | Seats: | ||||||||||||||
| Pop Vote (%): | 0.1 | 0.0 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.0 | 0.1
| |||||||||
| Canadian Action Party | Seats: | ||||||||||||||
| Pop Vote (%): | 0.3 | 0.1 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.1 | 0.1
| ||||||||
| Communist Party | Seats: | ||||||||||||||
| Pop Vote (%): | 0.1 | 0.0 | 0.2 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0
| |||||||||
| Libertarian Party | Seats: | ||||||||||||||
| Pop Vote (%): | 0.1 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0
| |||||||||||
| Independent/Other | Seats: | 1 | 1 | ||||||||||||
| Pop Vote (%): | 1.0 | 0.1 | 4.7 | 0.0 | 0.3 | 0.1 | 0.2 | 0.1 | 0.6 | 16.2 | 0.4 | ||||
Main article: List of political parties in Canada
The following parties held and still hold seats in the House of Commons and were the most closely watched parties during the election. Their leaders all sit in the House (Layton having won his seat in the election).
Seat by Seat breakdown
Notes
Major Parties
| Liberal Party | Paul Martin |
| Conservative Party | Stephen Harper |
| Bloc Québécois | Gilles Duceppe |
| New Democratic Party | Jack Layton |
Until the sponsorship scandal, most pundits were predicting that new Prime Minister Paul Martin would lead the Liberals to a fourth majority government, possibly setting a record for number of seats won.
However, polls released immediately after it broke out showed Liberal support down as much as 10% nationwide, with greater declines in its heartland of Quebec and Ontario. Although there was some recovery in Ontario and Atlantic Canada, hopes of making unprecedented gains in the West faded. Popularity of provincial Liberal parties may also have had an effect on federal Liberal fortunes. In Ontario, for instance, the provincial Liberal government introduced an unpopular budget the week of the expected election call, and their federal counterparts then fell into a statistical dead heat with the Conservatives in polls there. The Liberals were also been harmed by high profile party infighting.
The campaign was criticized openly by Liberal candidates, one incumbent Liberal comparing it to the Keystone Kops. The campaign was not helped by Paul Martin being out of the country for the third week of the campaign attending the D-Day anniversary services and a meeting of the G8.
In the final months of 2003, the Progressive Conservatives and the Canadian Alliance were running a distant third and fourth, respectively, in public opinion polls.
Many pundits predicted that the combination of the popular and fiscally conservative Martin, along with continued vote-splitting on the right, could have led to the almost total annihilation of the Progressive Conservatives and Canadian Alliance. This fear prompted those two parties to form a united Conservative Party of Canada, which was approved by the Canadian Alliance on December 5, 2003 and by the Progressive Conservatives on December 6, 2003.
The new Conservative Party pulled well ahead of the NDP in the polls just before the election, although its support remained below the combined support that the Progressive Conservatives and the Alliance had as separate parties. On March 20 the Conservatives elected Stephen Harper as its new leader.
The Conservatives gained more ground in polls taken since Harper became leader, and the poll results in the weeks before the election had them within one to two points of the Liberals, sometimes ahead, sometimes behind them. Party supporters hoped that the voters would react negatively to the Liberal attacks on Harper's agenda, and that anger over the sponsorship scandal and other Liberal failures would translate to success at the polls. Although on the eve of the election the party was polling slightly ahead of the Liberals everywhere west of Quebec, it had dropped in support, polling behind or at par with Liberals everywhere except Alberta and British Columbia, where it held onto its traditional support.
Prior to the announcement of the union of the right-of-centre parties, some were predicting an NDP official opposition, with the NDP polling ahead of both right-of-centre parties. A new leader (Jack Layton) and clear social democratic policies helped revitalize the NDP. Polls suggested that the NDP has returned to the 18% to 20% level of support it enjoyed in the 1984 Canadian election and 1988 Canadian election. Layton suggested that the NDP would win more than the 43 seats won under Ed Broadbent.
The NDP focused the campaign on winning ridings in Canada' urban centres, hoping especially to pick off seats in central Toronto, Hamilton, Ottawa and Winnipeg. The party's platform was built to cater to these regions and much of Layton's time was spent in these areas.
The campaign stumbled early when the Liberals attacked Layton for blaming the deaths of homeless people on Paul Martin. They accused the NDP of negative campaigning. The NDP did benefit from the general meltdown in Liberal support, but not to the same extent as the Conservatives. An important issue concern for the New Democrats developed with the increasing prospect of NDPers voting Liberal to block a Conservative government. This concern did not manifest itself in the polls, however and the NDP remained at somewhat below twenty-percent mark in the polls for most of the campaign.
The Bloc Québécois (BQ) continued to slide in the polls in most of 2003 after the election of the federalist Quebec Liberal Party at the National Assembly of Quebec under Jean Charest and during the long run-up to Paul Martin becoming leader of the federal Liberals.
However, things progressively changed starting from the winter of 2003, partly because of the Charest government rapidly becoming quite unpopular and of the support for independence in Quebec rising again (49% in March). The tide took its sharp turn when, in February 2004, the sponsorship scandal (uncovered in considerable part by the Bloc) hit the liberal federal government.
These events led to a massive resurgence of the BQ, putting it ahead of the pack once again: according to an Ipsos-Reid poll carried out for the Globe and Mail and CTV between the 4th and the 8th of June, 50% of Quebecers intended to vote for the BQ against 24% for the Liberals.
Speculation was ongoing about the possibility of the Bloc forming alliances with other opposition parties or with an eventual minority government, be it Liberal, Conservative or New Democrat to promote its goals of social democracy and respect of the autonomy of provinces. Leader Gilles Duceppe has stated that the Bloc, as before, will cooperate with other opposition parties or with the government when interests are found to be in common but that having the Bloc participate in a coalition government will categorically not happen.
Main article: List of political parties in Canada
The following parties did not hold seats in the House of Commons entering the election, and received considerably less media attention throughout the election than their larger competitors. The Greens ran candidates in all 308 ridings; the other parties were running far fewer candidates.
Liberal Party of Canada

Conservative Party of Canada

New Democratic Party

Bloc Québécois

Minor Parties
| Green Party | Jim Harris | 308 candidates |
| Marxist-Leninist Party | Sandra L. Smith | 76 candidates |
| Marijuana Party | Marc-Boris St-Maurice | 71 candidates |
| Christian Heritage Party | Ron Gray | 62 candidates |
| Canadian Action Party | Connie Fogal | 44 candidates |
| Communist Party | Miguel Figueroa | 35 candidates |
| Progressive Canadian Party | Ernie Schreiber | 16 candidates |
| Libertarian Party | Jean-Serge Brisson | 8 candidates |
| Liberal Party | Moving [Canada] Forward - Allons [or Aller] droit devant (avec l'ÃÂquipe Martin) | Choose your Canada |
| Conservative Party | Demand Better - C'est assez! | |
| Bloc Québécois | Un parti propre au Québec | Parce qu'on est différent (pre-election) |
| New Democratic Party | [New Energy.] A Positive Choice. - [Une force nouvelle.] Un choix Positif. | |
| Green Party | Someday is now - L'avenir c'est maintenant | |
| Marijuana Party | Let's roll! - Y faut que ça roule! |
Issues
Important issues in the election:
Timeline
See Timeline of the Canadian federal election, 2004.
Leadership races of 2003 and 2004
Poll results

Source: http://www.canadawebpages.com/pc-polls.aspSee also
External links