Circumnavigation
To circumnavigate a place, such as an island, a continent, or the Earth is to travel all the way around it by boat or ship. More recently, it has also being used to cover aerial round the world flights.The first maritime circumnavigations of the globe were:
- Ferdinand Magellan (Portuguese, but sailing for Spain), 1519-1522 - died during his circumnavigation, it was completed under command of Sebastian del Cano
- Francis Drake (English), 1577-1580
- Thomas Cavendish (English), 1586-1588
- Olivier van Noort (Dutch), 1598-1601
- pharaoh Necho II, first circumnavigation of Africa
- Robert Gray, 1787-1790 first American circumnavigation
- Adam Johann von Krusenstern, 1803-1806 first Russian circumnavigation
- Joshua Slocum 1895 - 1898 first solo circumnavigation of the world
- USS Nautilus first underwater circumnavigation of the world
- Matthew Flinders first circumnavigation of Australia
- James Cook first circumnavigation of New Zealand
- Harry Pidgeon, 1869 - 1954, second solo circumnavigation of the world, first man to circumnavigate solo twice
- Sir Francis Chichester (English), 1966-1967, first single-handed circumnavigation of the world with just one port of call
- Robin Knox-Johnston (English), 1968-1969, first single-handed non-stop circumnavigation of the world
- Chay Blyth (Scottish), 1971, first westwards single-handed non-stop circumnavigation of the world
- United States Army Air Service, first round the world trip in airplanes, 1924
- LZ-127 Graf Zeppelin, first circumnavigation in an airship by Hugo Eckener in 1929
- Yuri Gagarin in Vostok 1, was the first human spaceflight and orbited the Earth in 1961
- Bertrand Piccard and Brian Jones, first non-stop balloon circumnavigation in Breitling Orbiter 3 in 1999