The Dhyana reference article from the English Wikipedia on 24-Jul-2004 (provided by Fixed Reference: snapshots of Wikipedia from wikipedia.org)

Dhyana

Dhyāna means meditation in Sanskrit. Equivalent terms are jhana in Pāli, chán in Chinese, and zen in Japanese. It is a key concept in Hinduism and Buddhism. According to the Hindu Yoga Sutra dhyana is one of the eight methods of Yoga, (the other seven methods are Yama, Niyama, Asana, Pranayama, Pratyahara, Dharana, and Samadhi). Theravada Buddhism recognizes eight progressive states of dhyana.[1]. In East Asia, several schools of Buddhism were founded that focused on dhyana, under the names Chan, Zen, and Seon.

See also: rupajhana, Ashtanga Yoga.

External links

• The Buddha's descriptions of the first four states of dhyana in the Pali Canon (Anguttara Nikaya V.28)
• Leigh Brasington's extensive material on the web on jhana and related practices

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