I. A. Richards
Ivor Armstrong Richards (
February 26,
1893-
1979) was an influential
literary critic and
rhetorician. His books, especially
The Meaning of Meaning,
Principles of Literary Criticism,
Practical Criticism, and
The Philosophy of Rhetoric, were among the founding documents of the
New Criticism, and most of the eminent New Critics were Richards's students. Since the New Criticism, at least in
English-speaking countries, is often thought of as the beginning of modern literary criticism, it is at most a slight exaggeration to call Richards the founder of the contemporary study of literature in English.
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