The Independents reference article from the English Wikipedia on 24-Jul-2004 (provided by Fixed Reference: snapshots of Wikipedia from wikipedia.org)

Independents

The Independents were motion picture production companies who resisted the claims of the Motion Picture Patents Company.

The Independents built their own cameras to evade the patents of the Edison trusts. They escaped the strongholds of the trusts to Southern California, where they laid the foundations of the American movie industry and the Hollywood studio system.

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See Also

• History of cinema
• List of 'years in film'
• Silent movies
• Talkies

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