Misoprostol
Misoprostol is a prostaglandin that has been approved by the Food and Drug administration for the treatment and prevention of stomach ulcers. It is domestically markted under the name "Cytotec". When administered, Misoprostol stimulates increased secretion of the protective mucus that lines the gastrointestinal tract and increases mucosal blood flow, thereby increasing mucosal integrity. In addition, it is prescribed in conjunction with non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), which research has shown to have high inicidence with gastric and peptic ulcers.Interestingly, although not approved or registered for such use with the FDA, Misoprostol is commonly prescribed by doctors to expedite pregnancy by causing uterine contractions and the ripening (opening) of the cervix. The drug is highly effective, as high doses can cause fetal death and uterine rupture.
More recently, Misoprostol has been increasingly used for early termination of pregnancy (see abortion). It is used in conjunction with Mifepristone, more commonly known as "The Abortion Pill" or "RU-486". After Mifepristone is taken orally, Misoprostol is taken 24-72 hours later causing the expulsion of the aborted fetus.
Side effects of Misopristol include nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, abdominal pain, chills, shivering and fever.