Province
Province is a name for a subnational entity of government usually one step below the national level. In some countries an alternative term is used, e.g. state or department.
The word was introduced by the Romans, who divided their empire into provinciae. The word is thought to have originated from the Latin word provincia (zone of influence); probably from pro ("in front") and vincia ("linked").
Current
(Subdivisions called or translated into: Province)
The most populous province is Henan, China, pop. 93,000,000. Also very populous are several other Chinese provinces , as well as Punjab, Pakistan, pop. 85,000,000.
The largest provinces by area are Xinjiang, China (1,600,000 sq. km) and Quebec, Canada (1,500,000 sq. km).
Historical