Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia
The Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia was a Balkan state that existed from 1945 to 1992.It was formed in 1945 from remains of the pre-war Kingdom of Yugoslavia under name Democratic Federal Yugoslavia, in 1946 it changed name to Federal People's Republic of Yugoslavia and again in 1963 to Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia.
The SFRY bordered Italy and Austria to the northwest, Hungary and Romania to the north, Bulgaria to the east, Greece and Albania to the south, and the Adriatic Sea to the west.
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| Official language: | Macedonian, Serbo-Croatian, Slovene | ||||
| Capital: | Belgrade | ||||
| Area (1991): | km² | ||||
| Population (1971): | 20,522,972 39.7% Serbs, 22.1% Croats, 8.4% Muslims, 8.2% Slovenes, 6.4% Albanians, 5.8% Macedonians, 2.5% Montenegrins, 2.3% Hungarians, 4.6% others | ||||
| Currency: | dinar (YUD) = 100 paras | ||||
| Time zone: | UTC +1 | ||||
| National anthem: | Hej Sloveni | ||||
| ISO 3166-1: | YU (obsolete) | ||||
| Calling code: | 38 (obsolete) | ||||
| Table of contents |
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2 History 3 Former republics in European union 4 See also |
Internally, the state was divided into six socialist republics, and two socialist autonomous provinces that were part of SR Serbia. The federal capital was Belgrade. Republics and provinces were:
Socialist Republics and Autonomous Provinces
 Numbered map of Yugoslav republics and provinces |
- Socialist republic of Bosnia and Herzegovina, with capital in Sarajevo,
- Socialist republic of Croatia, with capital in Zagreb,
- Socialist republic of Macedonia, with capital in Skopje,
- Socialist republic of Montenegro, with capital in Titograd,
- Socialist republic of Serbia, with capital in Belgrade, which also contained:
5a. Socialist autonomous province of Kosovo, with capital in Priština
5b. Socialist autonomous province of Vojvodina, with capital in Novi Sad - Socialist republic of Slovenia, with capital in Ljubljana.
History
Main article: History of YugoslaviaThe Democratic Federal Yugoslavia was established as a communist state, on November 29 1943 in Jajce. The first president was Ivan Ribar and prime minister Josip Broz Tito. In 1953, Tito was elected as president and later in 1963 named "President for life".
Yugoslavia, unlike other Eastern and Central European communist countries, chose a course independent of the Soviet Union (see Informbiro), and was not a member of the Warsaw pact nor NATO, but rather than that initiated a Non-Aligned Movement in 1961.
After Tito's death in 1980, tensions between the various peoples grew, and in 1991 its constituent republics Slovenia, Croatia, Macedonia, and Bosnia and Herzegovina started breaking away. After the initial Yugoslav wars, the process ended in 1992 when the two remaining republics, Serbia and Montenegro formed the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia.
Main article: Enlargement of the European Union
The first former Yugoslav republic that joined the European union was Slovenia which applied in 1996 and became a member in 2004. Croatia applied for membership in 2003, and could join before 2010. Macedonia applied in 2004, and will probably join by 2010-2015. The remaining three republics have yet to apply so their acceptance generally isn't expected before 2015.
Former republics in European union
See also
Republics
Bosnia and Herzegovina | Croatia | Macedonia | Montenegro | Serbia | Slovenia
Autonomous provinces of Serbia
Kosovo | Vojvodina