Timeline of Islam
This article is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by [ expanding it].
All years are Gregorian calendar years AD.
- 622 Hijra to Medina
- 632 Death of Muhammad
- 632–661 Era of the Righteously Guided Caliphs
- 661 Death of Ali ibn Abi Talib; beginning of the schism between Shiite and Sunni Islam; Umayyad Caliphate founded by Muawiyah I.
- 732 Battle of Tours, Charles Martel defeats Muslim army, preventing the spread of Islam north of the Pyrenees mountains into France.
- 750 Umayyad Caliphate ends with the death of Marwan II; foundation of the Abbasid Caliphate by al-Saffah.
- 1099 Capture of Jerusalem by the Crusaders and the establishment of the Christian States: Kingdom of Jerusalem, Countship of Tripoli, the Principality of Antioch, and the Countship of Edessa.
- 1187 Capture of Jerusalem by Saladin, fall of the Christian states.
- 1258 Baghdad destroyed by Hulagu Khan; Abbasid Caliphate moved to Cairo as a puppet of the Mamluk rulers.
- 1453 Fall of Byzantium to the Ottoman Turks, end of the Byzantine Empire.
- 1492 Fall of the last Moorish city in Spain.
- 1517 Cities of Mecca and Medina come under Ottoman control; Selim I conquers Cairo and claims the Caliphate.
- 1529 Siege of Vienna fails stopping the advance of the Ottoman Empire into Eastern Europe.
- 1683 Battle of Vienna begins the withdrawal of the Ottoman Empire from Eastern Europe and later the Balkans.
- 1922 Caliphate is abolished.