The Twinkling reference article from the English Wikipedia on 24-Jul-2004
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Twinkling

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Twinkling consists of changes in the apparent brightness and position of stars caused by atmospheric turbulence and various other irregularities. In photographs, twinkling causes an image to be "smeared" into a "seeing disk". The effects of twinkling can be, partially, corrected for by active and adaptive optics. Twinkling is the subject of the song Twinkle, Twinkle, Little Star (1761).

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