United States Court of Appeals for the Fifth Circuit
The United States Court of Appeals for the Fifth Circuit is a federal court with appellate jurisdiction over the following United States District Courts:
- Western, Middle, and Eastern Districts of Louisiana
- Northern and Southern Districts of Mississippi
- Western, Eastern, Northern and Southern Districts of Texas
Prior to the creation of the Eleventh Circuit on October 14, 1980 under the Fifth Circuit Court of Appeals Reorganization Act, the Fifth Circuit also included Alabama, Georgia, and Florida. Until March 31, 1982, the Fifth Circuit also had jurisdiction over the Panama Canal Zone.
During the late 1950s, Chief Judge Elbert Tuttle and his three colleagues John Minor Wisdom, John Brown, and Richard Rives became known as the "Fifth Circuit Four" (or simply "The Four") for decisions crucial in advancing the civil rights of African-Americans; in this they were opposed by Ben Cameron.
Judges
The Fifth Circuit Four